Australia's last wool combing plant, run by Fletcher International Exports alongside its abattoir in Dubbo, will be shut down over the next month.
Company principal, Roger Fletcher, said it was also one of the last wool scouring operations in Australia.
He said the company could no longer compete with topmaking operations in low cost countries such as China.
The daily wage of a worker at the Dubbo plant would pay for about 50 workers in India or Bangladesh.
Mr Fletcher said the 40 employees would be assigned to other jobs within the company.
He said however the closure was no reflection on the wool industry and he was confident in its future with demand rising around the world.
"I think the wool industry is going to get stronger".
The said the company would continue marketing greasy wool making use of its rail siding at Dubbo to send containers of wool to port.
"There is a good side to this across the world because processing wool is a lot cheaper than it used to be."